Symbolization and Visualization of 3D-Maps

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Summary

With reasonably accurate digital terrain models (DTM) and 3-D visualization software, impressive analytical perspective views of landscape models combined with topographic or thematic geo data can be created ˝U so called 3-D maps. The superimposed geo data could be vector-oriented as well as raster-based images (satellite images, orthophotos, other textures). In the cartographic literature,
these 3-D maps are commonly classified as a perspective pictorial map, together with block diagrams, oblique regional views or schematic maps.

For solving problems like ignorance of user needs or neglecting map symbolization and legend we derived several thesis of cartographic principles to design effective and informative 3-D maps. As yet such principles has not been established in the cartographic traditions and theory. Additional research targets are: (1) Investigations on different graphic aspects and design variables which affect the appearance or behaviour of 3-D maps; (2) evaluation of different abstraction degrees on object symbolization and object dimensions; (3) evaluation and refining of newly or already formulated thesis; (4) use and added value of 3-D maps for different purposes and in different use context (especially for educational purposes).

Project period

01.01.1999 – ?

Researchers

Lead: Hurni, Lorenz
Internal: Häberling, Christian. Jenny, Helen Mirja.

Funding source

Own resources of the professorship

Partner

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Web

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Publications

Häberling, Ch. 2005. Cartographic Design Principles for 3D Maps: A Contribution to Cartographic Theory. Proceedings 22nd International Cartographic Conference A Coruña , International Cartographic Association ICA, A Coruña, International Cartographic Association ICA, 6.

Häberling, Ch. 2004. Topografische 3D-Karten - Thesen für kartografische Gestaltungsgrundsätze, Dissertation ETH Nr. 15379. Institut für Kartographie, Zürich, 203.

Häberling, Christian; Bär, Hansruedi. 2006-01-01. Integration von 3D-Karten in interaktiven Schulatlanten. Kartographische Schriften, Kirschbaum, (10), Bonn, Kirschbaum Verlag GmbH, 127-132.

Haeberling C. 2004. Selected design aspects and graphic variables for 3D mountain maps. Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya; Monografies tècniques, num. 8; 2004. Barcelona. In: Proceedings to the 4th ICA Mountain Cartography Workshop of International Cartographic Association (ICA), 30th September ˝U 2nd. October 2004, in Vall de Núria, Cataloni.

Haeberling C., Baer H.R. 2006. Conceptual Aspects of 3D Map Integration in Interactive School Atlases. On-line paper from the 5th ICA Mountain Cartography Workshop 2006. http://www.geod-is.si/mcws06/papers/Haeberling-Baer_paper.pdf, Bohinj (Slovenia).